Concertina Basics

An Anglo concertina is most commonly used for playing Irish music. An English concertina is most commonly used in English folk music. An Anglo concertina has different notes on push and pull. On the English concertina, every button has just one note (same on push and pull). The Anglo concertina has hand straps, the English concertina has thumb straps. An Anglo Concertina is fully chromatic only within a certain range, an English concertina is fully chromatic.

For Irish music, the most commonly used concertina is a C/G Anglo concertina.

30 button concertinas are the best (Three rows on each side – C, G and accidentals row). 20 button concertinas are fine for a while but are more restrictive in that they can’t play in any keys other than C, G and their relative minors.

Good beginner concertinas include brands such as Stagi, Bastari, Wren, Honer and some other unbranded models.

As a very rough estimate, a new beginner concertina will cost between €300 and €800. An intermediate concertina will cost between €1800 and €3000.

You can purchase a concertina from a music shop, a maker, a dealer or second hand. Intermediate and advanced concertinas tend to hold their value while beginner instruments depreciate in value initially, but a secondhand or even thirdhand instrument is often fine for starting on if it’s in good condition.

Accordion reeded instruments are cheaper but the instrument will sound like an accordion rather than a concertina.

A wooden ended concertina will sound more mellow and sweet, a metal ended concertina will sound a little louder and brighter in tone.

When initially holding your concertina, put your two hands in the straps and make sure they’re nice and tight – not cutting off your circulation tight, just so that the instrument feels like an extension of your arm. Sitting on a chair with a straight back and feet firmly on the ground, thighs parallel to the floor, hold the instrument out directly in front of you, lower the instrument onto your two knees, then tilt the concertina slightly so that the left wooden end of the instrument sits behind the kneecap of your left leg – the squishy bit. This is where your concertina will be anchored, the other side does all the movement. This technique achieves good posture and ensures that you don’t damage your concertina.

Something is wrong here. Most likely your posture. If you experience pain anywhere when practising, stop immediately. Make sure your body is physically relaxed while practising, breathe LOADS. Try to avoid sudden jolts when playing, move smoothly and slowly when pressing buttons and changing bellows direction.

Scales are excellent for developing proficiency on any instrument.

A good idea is to divide up your practice into three segments giving a certain amount of time to each eg. A forty-minute practice slot could be divided into 10, 20 and 10-minute segments.
10 min (a piece of technique such as a new ornament or a scale)
20 min (a new tune you are working on)
10 min (some tunes you can play with a degree of proficiency, ones which you enjoy playing)

This approach will enable you to spend some time actively improving your technique and your repertoire but also remembering to have fun, as they say, “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy”.

Plus, don’t forget our Play-Along Practice App!!

Apart from providing guidance on concertina technique and offering insight into the culture of the music, online lessons offer goal-centred learning. Learning tune by tune until you build up a significant repertoire is very satisfying and keeps learning challenging and fun. Learning as part of a community allows you to share your successes with others of a similar standard and interests. Ploughing away on your own, you can very often get bogged down in technicalities. With online learning, you can also take things at your own pace while remaining motivated, disciplined and inspired.

Learning by ear is the most natural way to learn music. Although it can be challenging at the very start. It’s possible for everyone with a little practice and it’s totally worth it. It makes sense that you should learn music through your ears rather than your eyes right? Your eventual aim is to be able to sit down, listen to a tune and after a while, you’ll be able to playback the tune regardless of whether you’re sitting in front of your CD player or in a session.

Don’t move your fingers up and down the buttons like you would with an accordion. Keep the fingers centred on the first three notes in the middle row on each side (the home keys) – just like when you’re typing on a computer.

In the concertina world, C/G instrument is considered to be the standard. The three rows on a C/G instrument will allow you to play in every key within a wide range by cross fingering. Almost every player plays concert pitch music on a C/G instrument. If you buy an instrument in any other key and attempt to learn Irish repertoire in the standard keys you may succeed but your journey will be much longer and more laborious than it need be. You won’t have the same access to teachers, tutorial manuals or any other learning aids. Also, choosing an instrument in a different key will move notes commonly used in Irish music from the middle of your instrument (top section of buttons on the left and right) to the bottom section of buttons (which are difficult to reach as they fall under your baby fingers rather than your first, second and third fingers). It gets rather confusing at this point… just don’t do it!

An accordion and a concertina are different instruments. An accordion is generally bigger than a concertina, it is rectangular and has melody on one side and basses or chords on the other. There are many different types of accordions. A concertina is smaller, has hexagonal ends and has only melody buttons on each side. A squeezebox isn’t actually an instrument. It’s a colloquial name for any instrument with bellows and buttons.

In terms of layout of the three row C/G concertina, there is an inside row, a middle row and an outside row. The middle row is C, the inside row is G and the outside row which was added at a later date contains all the accidental notes which don’t occur in the keys of C or G. The rows can be imagined a little like three harmonicas sitting beside each other. Generally speaking, playing push, pull from the bottom left upwards towards the bottom right of the instrument will give you ascending notes.

Short answer, you’re not doing anything wrong from the point of view of technique. You’re just trying to run before you can walk. Try not to aim for speed, aim for beautiful mellow playing with good technique. Your music will gradually increase in speed as you become more capable on your instrument. Trying to play faster than you are able can develop bad habits which you will end up trying to undo later on.